In simple words: The doctor uses a special instrument (laryngoscope) to look directly into your voice box to examine it.If there is an abnormality, a small tissue sample is removed for testing in a lab.

Direct laryngoscopy is a surgical procedure involving the insertion of a laryngoscope into the patient's mouth to directly visualize the larynx and hypopharynx.A biopsy, the removal of a tissue sample from a suspicious area within the larynx, is performed during the procedure. The sample is then sent to a pathology lab for analysis.This procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia in an operating room setting, but may be done in an office setting with local anesthesia.

Example 1: A 60-year-old male presents with hoarseness and a suspicious lesion on his vocal cord.A direct laryngoscopy with biopsy is performed to obtain a tissue sample for diagnosis., A 45-year-old female complains of difficulty swallowing and a persistent cough.A direct laryngoscopy with biopsy is performed to rule out malignancy in the hypopharynx., A 72-year-old male with a history of smoking presents with a persistent throat lump. A direct laryngoscopy with biopsy is performed to evaluate the lump for possible cancerous changes.

* Preoperative assessment and consent.* Intraoperative findings, including description of the lesion and location of biopsy.* Pathology report with diagnosis.* Postoperative instructions and follow-up plan.

** The procedure may be performed using a variety of instruments, including flexible or rigid laryngoscopes, and may involve the use of an operating microscope or telescope.The type of anesthesia used will depend on the clinical setting and patient factors.The pathologist's report is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.