In simple words: The doctor inserts a thin tube into the urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body) and injects a special dye.An X-ray is then taken to view the urethra and bladder, helping to diagnose any problems.

This procedure involves the insertion of a catheter into the urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body).A contrast medium is then injected into the urethra, allowing for visualization of the urethra and bladder via X-ray. The procedure is used to identify and diagnose abnormalities in the urethra and bladder, including reflux into the ureters (tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder).

Example 1: A patient presents with dysuria (painful urination) and hematuria (blood in the urine). Retrograde urethrocystography is performed to evaluate for urethral strictures or bladder abnormalities., A patient with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections undergoes retrograde urethrocystography to assess for vesicoureteral reflux (backward flow of urine from the bladder to the ureters)., Following trauma to the pelvic region, a patient undergoes retrograde urethrocystography to evaluate for urethral injuries.

*Patient history and physical examination findings.*Detailed description of the procedure performed, including catheter placement, contrast medium used, and imaging findings.*Radiology report with images.