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2025 CPT code 78191

Platelet survival study.

The radiopharmaceutical or drug used is reported separately with the appropriate supply code(s). Modifiers 26 (professional component) and TC (technical component) can be used for separate reporting of interpretation and technical performance, respectively, if applicable.

Modifiers 26 (professional component) and TC (technical component) may be applicable. Modifier 26 is used if only the interpretation of the study is being billed. Modifier TC is used when billing for only the technical aspect of the study (e.g., by a hospital or portable x-ray supplier).

Medical necessity must be established by documenting a clinically significant condition affecting platelet production or survival, such as thrombocytopenia, leukemia, aplastic anemia, or other relevant disorders.

The physician draws a blood sample, tags the platelets with a radiopharmaceutical (e.g., Indium In 111 oxyquinoline), and re-transfuses them. Blood samples are collected at intervals (20 min, 2, 3, and 4 hours post-injection, then daily for up to 10 days or until radioactivity falls to 10% of the peak). The physician interprets the results and prepares a report.

In simple words: This test helps doctors understand how long your platelets live. A small amount of your blood is taken, and the platelets are marked with a safe radioactive substance. This blood is then put back into your body. More blood samples are taken over a few days to track the marked platelets and see how long they survive. This helps doctors diagnose and monitor bleeding or clotting disorders.

This procedure involves studying the lifespan of platelets. A blood sample is drawn from the patient, and the platelets are tagged with a radiopharmaceutical. The tagged platelets are then re-infused into the patient. Subsequent blood samples are collected at specific intervals to monitor the level of radioactivity, providing insights into platelet survival.

Example 1: A patient presents with unexplained bruising and prolonged bleeding. A platelet survival study is ordered to evaluate for immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a condition where the body destroys its own platelets., A patient with a history of leukemia is undergoing chemotherapy. A platelet survival study is ordered to assess platelet function and potential impacts of the treatment., A patient with suspected aplastic anemia, a condition where the bone marrow doesn't produce enough new blood cells, undergoes a platelet survival study as part of the diagnostic workup.

Documentation should include the reason for the study, the radiopharmaceutical used, the timing and results of blood sample collections, and the physician's interpretation of the findings.

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