2025 CPT code 84591
(Active) Effective Date: N/A Revision Date: N/A Laboratory - Chemistry Procedures Pathology and Laboratory Procedures > Chemistry Procedures Feed
Vitamin assay, not otherwise specified.
Modifiers may be applicable depending on the circumstances of service. Consult the CPT manual for specific modifier guidelines.Modifiers such as 90 (reference laboratory) and 91 (repeat test) may apply.
Medical necessity is established when there is clinical suspicion of a specific vitamin deficiency based on the patient's history, physical examination, and other clinical findings.Medicare generally does not cover vitamin assays as screening tests unless there is a documented specific clinical need.
Laboratory personnel perform the technical aspects of the analysis.Physicians are responsible for ordering the test, interpreting the results, and implementing appropriate treatment plans.
In simple words: This lab test measures the amount of a vitamin in your blood or urine to check for a deficiency.It's used when there isn't a more specific test for that particular vitamin.
This CPT code, 84591, reports the analysis of a vitamin level in a patient specimen (blood or urine) when no more specific CPT code exists for the vitamin in question.The analysis is quantitative unless otherwise specified. This code is used only for vitamins lacking a more specific code; examples include vitamins B3 and B7.The clinical utility of this code is primarily in identifying deficiencies requiring dietary changes or supplementation.
Example 1: A patient presents with symptoms suggestive of biotin deficiency.A physician orders a vitamin B7 (biotin) assay using code 84591 because no specific CPT code for biotin exists in that specific testing methodology., A patient with unexplained neurological symptoms undergoes a panel of vitamin assays.One of the vitamins tested, for which a specific code is unavailable, is reported using 84591., A patient with suspected nutritional deficiencies is tested for multiple vitamins.Vitamin B3 analysis is reported using 84591, as no separate, more specific CPT code is applicable.
Physician's order specifying the vitamin(s) to be tested.Patient demographics.Specimen type (blood or urine).Results of the test.Any relevant clinical information supporting medical necessity.
** This code should be used judiciously.Always use a more specific CPT code if one exists for the vitamin being tested.Proper documentation is crucial for demonstrating medical necessity, especially for Medicare reimbursement.
- Revenue Code: T1H (LAB TESTS - OTHER (NON-MEDICARE FEE SCHEDULE))
- RVU: Information not available in provided sources.RVUs vary by payer and geographic location.
- Global Days : Not applicable.
- Payment Status: Active (Medicare may not cover this as a screening test; clinical necessity must be established.)
- Modifier TC rule: Not applicable.
- Fee Schedule : Information not available in provided sources.
- Specialties:Internal Medicine, Family Medicine, Endocrinology, Nutrition, Pathology, and other specialties treating conditions involving vitamin deficiencies.
- Place of Service:Office, Hospital, Clinical Laboratory