2025 CPT code 25405

Repair of nonunion or malunion, radius OR ulna; with autograft (includes obtaining graft)

The harvesting of the autograft is included in 25405. Separate coding is not required.

Modifiers may be applicable to indicate specific circumstances, such as increased procedural services (22), bilateral procedures (50), or reduced services (52).

Medical necessity for 25405 is established when a nonunion or malunion of the radius or ulna significantly impairs function, causes pain, or poses a risk of further complications.

The surgeon performs the procedure, including incision, bone excision, graft harvesting and placement, and wound closure. They also manage the patient's post-operative care, including pain management and monitoring the healing process.

IMPORTANT Use code 25400 for repair without graft.

In simple words: This surgery fixes a broken bone in the forearm (radius or ulna) that hasn't healed correctly. The doctor opens the area, removes the misaligned bone, and uses a bone graft from another part of your body to help it heal properly. Afterward, your arm is put in a splint.

This procedure addresses a nonunion or malunion deformity in the radius or ulna of the forearm. The surgeon corrects the improperly healed bone by surgically exposing the affected area, removing the irregular bone, and bridging the gap with a bone graft, often taken from the patient's iliac crest. The repaired site is then stabilized, typically with a splint, to promote proper healing.

Example 1: A patient with a nonunion of the radius following a fracture, where the bone has not healed, undergoes open reduction internal fixation with autograft using 25405. , A patient with a malunion of the ulna, where the bone has healed in an incorrect position, requires surgical correction with autograft using 25405., A patient with a previous radius fracture experiences pain due to nonunion. An autograft procedure (25405) is performed to promote bone healing.

Documentation should include details about the nonunion or malunion (e.g., location, type), operative report detailing the procedure including type and source of the autograft, and post-operative care plan.

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