In simple words: Tuberculosis (TB) of the lung is a bacterial infection that can cause various breathing problems. It spreads through the air when someone with TB coughs, sneezes, or talks.

Tuberculosis (TB) of the lung, caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, can manifest in various forms, including infiltrative, nodular, cavitary, and pneumonic presentations, often leading to complications such as fibrosis and bronchiectasis.It's typically spread through airborne droplets produced by coughing, sneezing, or speaking.

Example 1: A patient presents with a persistent cough, blood in their sputum, and unintentional weight loss. After a chest X-ray reveals abnormalities, a sputum culture confirms the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to a diagnosis of pulmonary TB., A child experiences flu-like symptoms, including fever and cough.Due to known exposure to an individual with active TB, further testing is conducted, which confirms primary TB infection., An individual with latent TB infection develops active TB disease months later, experiencing worsening cough, night sweats, and fever.Imaging studies reveal cavitary lesions in the lung.

Documentation should include details of the patient's symptoms, medical history (including any prior TB exposure or treatment), physical exam findings, results of imaging studies (chest X-ray, CT scan), laboratory tests (sputum smear and culture, and potentially drug susceptibility testing), and treatment plan.