In simple words: Congenital syphilis is a disease that babies can get from their mothers during pregnancy or birth. It's caused by bacteria that can cause serious health problems if not treated. Sometimes, babies with congenital syphilis don't show any symptoms at birth, but they can develop severe issues later if they don't receive treatment. These problems can include developmental delays, seizures, or even death. It's crucial for pregnant women to get tested for syphilis to protect their babies.

Congenital syphilis, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, occurs when a pregnant person with syphilis transmits the infection to their fetus through the placenta or during delivery. This can result in a range of severe health problems for the infant, including stillbirth, death soon after birth, and various physical and developmental issues if left untreated. Early congenital syphilis typically manifests within the first three months of life, while late congenital syphilis appears after two years of age. Some infants may remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, even with the infection.

Example 1: A pregnant woman tests positive for syphilis during her first prenatal visit. She receives penicillin treatment, and her newborn is closely monitored for signs of congenital syphilis. The newborn also receives antibiotic treatment as a precaution., A newborn exhibits symptoms of congenital syphilis, including a runny nose, rash, and an enlarged liver and spleen. Diagnostic testing confirms the infection, and the infant receives a course of penicillin., A child presents with symptoms of late congenital syphilis, such as bone deformities, hearing loss, and Hutchinson's teeth.Serologic testing and physical examination confirm the diagnosis, and the child undergoes treatment and long-term monitoring for complications.

Documentation for congenital syphilis should include maternal syphilis testing results, infant physical examination findings, serologic tests performed on the infant, imaging studies (if conducted), treatment administered, and follow-up care plans.