In simple words: Nail fungus, also called tinea unguium or onychomycosis, is an infection caused by a fungus. It makes your nails thick, discolored, and sometimes painful.It is more common in toenails than fingernails.

Tinea unguium is a fungal infection that primarily affects the toenails, although fingernails can also be involved.It is characterized by changes in the nail's appearance, including discoloration (white, yellow, or brown), thickening, brittleness, distortion, and separation from the nail bed.In severe cases, it can cause pain and discomfort, particularly when wearing shoes.

Example 1: A 55-year-old male with a history of athlete's foot presents with thickened, yellowed toenails. Microscopic examination confirms tinea unguium., A 70-year-old female with diabetes experiences brittle, discolored nails. Culture reveals a fungal infection consistent with tinea unguium., A 25-year-old swimmer reports white streaks on their fingernails.After examination and testing, they are diagnosed with tinea unguium.

Documentation should include physical examination findings of the affected nail(s), including details about color, thickness, texture, and any separation from the nail bed. Results of laboratory testing, such as fungal culture and microscopy, should be recorded if performed.History of related conditions like athlete's foot should be noted, as well as any contributing factors like diabetes or peripheral vascular disease.