In simple words: Primary insomnia is a sleep disorder where you have trouble falling asleep or staying asleep, and there's no obvious medical, mental, or lifestyle reason for it. You might feel tired, irritable, and have trouble focusing during the day.

Primary insomnia is a psychogenic sleep disorder characterized by persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or sleep that is non-restorative, despite adequate opportunity and circumstances for sleep.It occurs without any other coexisting sleep disorder, medical condition, or psychiatric disorder that could fully explain the insomnia.Symptoms may include fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, and daytime impairment. Diagnosis involves a thorough evaluation of medical, psychiatric, and sleep history, potentially including sleep studies (polysomnography) to rule out other sleep disorders.

Example 1: A 45-year-old patient reports difficulty falling asleep most nights for the past year, with no identifiable cause. After ruling out other sleep disorders and medical conditions, the physician diagnoses primary insomnia., A 25-year-old patient experiences frequent nighttime awakenings and difficulty returning to sleep, leading to daytime fatigue.Despite good sleep hygiene practices and no apparent stressors, the insomnia persists, leading to a diagnosis of primary insomnia., A 60-year-old patient complains of non-restorative sleep, waking up feeling unrefreshed even after adequate sleep duration.A sleep study reveals no other sleep disorders, and the patient is diagnosed with primary insomnia.

Documentation should include a detailed sleep history, including sleep diaries, duration and quality of sleep, daytime symptoms, and any relevant medical, psychiatric, or substance use history. If a sleep study is conducted, the results should also be documented.