In simple words: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder, mainly affecting children, that involves hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity. These symptoms last for more than six months and have a negative impact on the child's home life, schoolwork, and social interactions.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), previously called attention-deficit disorder (ADD), usually begin in early childhood. Although the disorder may lessen as the child ages, it can continue into adulthood. Patients with ADHD have difficulty paying attention, focusing, and sticking with a task. They may be disorganized, talkative, easily distracted, forgetful, impatient when waiting, and fidget in their seats or get up and walk around when they should be seated. They may interrupt others’ conversations and activities and be socially intrusive. Providers diagnose ADHD based on the patient’s history, signs and symptoms, physical examination, interviews with parents, teachers, and others, and by comparing their symptoms to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria for ADHD. There is no specific cure for ADHD, but symptoms can be improved by prescribing medication (stimulants and nonstimulants for children and antidepressants for adults), behavioral therapy, family and group therapy, organizational and skills training, and stress management techniques.

Example 1: A 7-year-old boy consistently displays inattention and hyperactivity in school, interrupting class and having difficulty focusing on tasks. He also exhibits these behaviors at home, making it challenging for him to follow instructions and complete chores., A 15-year-old girl struggles with impulsivity, frequently interrupting conversations and making rash decisions. She also has difficulty organizing her schoolwork and maintaining focus, leading to declining academic performance., A 30-year-old man experiences ongoing challenges with inattention and disorganization in his work and personal life. Though he was never diagnosed as a child, he recognizes similar patterns of behavior from his youth and seeks professional evaluation.

Documentation should include detailed observations of the patient's behavior, including specific examples of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Information gathered from parents, teachers, or other caregivers is also crucial for a comprehensive assessment. The documentation must also demonstrate that the symptoms have persisted for at least six months and are present in multiple settings (e.g., home, school, social situations).

** The ICD-10-CM code F90 excludes anxiety disorders (F40.-, F41.-), mood [affective] disorders (F30-F39), pervasive developmental disorders (F84.-), and schizophrenia (F20.-).Codes within categories F90-F98 may be used regardless of the patient's age.