2025 ICD-10-CM code G12.2
(Active) Effective Date: N/A Revision Date: N/A Deletion Date: N/A Neurological Disorders - Systemic atrophies primarily affecting the central nervous system Diseases of the nervous system Feed
Motor neuron disease is a group of progressive neurological disorders causing muscle weakness and atrophy due to the degeneration of motor neurons.
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Medical necessity is established by the presence of symptoms and diagnostic findings consistent with motor neuron disease, warranting ongoing medical management and treatment.
Neurologists and other specialists in neuromuscular disorders are primarily responsible for diagnosing and managing MND. This includes conducting neurological examinations, ordering diagnostic tests, and developing treatment plans that address symptoms and support patient care.
- Diseases of the nervous system
- G10-G14 (Systemic atrophies primarily affecting the central nervous system)
In simple words: Motor neuron disease is a serious condition affecting the nerves that control muscles.These nerves gradually stop working, causing muscles to weaken, making it harder to move, talk, swallow, and breathe.There's no cure, but treatments help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Motor neuron disease (MND) encompasses a spectrum of progressive neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the degeneration and loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord.This leads to progressive muscle weakness, atrophy, and ultimately, paralysis.The disease affects both upper motor neurons (in the brain) and lower motor neurons (in the brainstem and spinal cord), disrupting the communication pathways responsible for voluntary muscle control.MND manifests with varying symptoms and disease progression depending on the specific type and the extent of motor neuron involvement. Common types include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), progressive bulbar palsy, primary lateral sclerosis, and progressive muscular atrophy. Diagnosis often involves a combination of clinical examination, electromyography (EMG), nerve conduction studies (NCS), and possibly genetic testing. Currently, there is no cure for MND; treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life through supportive care, medication (such as riluzole and edaravone for ALS), and physical/occupational therapies.
Example 1: A 65-year-old male presents with progressive weakness in his legs, difficulty walking, and muscle cramps.EMG and NCS confirm the diagnosis of progressive muscular atrophy (PMA)., A 50-year-old female experiences slurred speech, difficulty swallowing, and progressive muscle weakness in her limbs.ALS is diagnosed based on clinical findings and diagnostic studies., A 70-year-old male shows signs of primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) including slow movement, muscle stiffness, and spasticity primarily affecting his legs, followed by the torso and arms. Detailed neurological examination and imaging support the diagnosis.
Detailed history of symptom onset and progression, neurological examination findings, results of EMG, NCS, and any relevant genetic testing or imaging studies are required for accurate coding.
** The diagnosis of motor neuron disease often requires a process of elimination to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.Appropriate documentation is crucial for accurate coding and reimbursement.
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- Payment Status: Active
- Modifier TC rule: Not applicable.
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- Specialties:Neurology
- Place of Service:Office, Hospital (Inpatient or Outpatient), Skilled Nursing Facility, Telehealth