In simple words: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) causes parts of the brain to shrink, leading to changes in personality, behavior, and communication.It typically affects people earlier than other forms of dementia.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. This leads to a decline in behavioral, personality, language, and/or motor functions.

Example 1: A 55-year-old individual exhibits increasing apathy, disinhibition, and compulsive behaviors, along with difficulty in planning and sequencing tasks.Neurological examination and neuroimaging suggest frontotemporal lobe degeneration, leading to a diagnosis of behavioral-variant FTD (bvFTD)., A 60-year-old patient experiences progressive difficulties with language comprehension and word-finding, with relative preservation of other cognitive functions.Evaluation reveals semantic-variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA), a form of FTD., A 50-year-old person develops changes in personality and behavior, with subsequent emergence of motor neuron disease symptoms (e.g., muscle weakness, fasciculations). This combination of FTD and ALS (FTD-ALS) suggests a specific subtype of FTD.

Documentation should include detailed descriptions of behavioral and language changes, neurological examination findings, results of neuroimaging (MRI, PET), and any other tests performed to rule out alternative diagnoses.

** There is no cure for FTD. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and providing supportive care.Genetic testing may be considered in cases with a family history of FTD.