In simple words: Congenital glaucoma is a rare eye problem a baby is born with. It causes high pressure inside the eye, which can make the eye bigger and blurry vision.It's often diagnosed by an eye doctor through a series of tests.

Congenital glaucoma (Q15.0) is a rare ophthalmic disorder characterized by elevated intraocular pressure present from birth.The condition often presents with an enlarged eye (buphthalmos), corneal edema, and other visual impairments. It's the most common type of glaucoma in infancy, affecting males more frequently than females, and is bilateral in a significant number of cases. Diagnosis typically involves assessing intraocular pressure, visual acuity, and examining the optic nerve and cornea for characteristic signs like Haab's striae.

Example 1: A newborn infant presents with an enlarged eye (buphthalmos) and corneal clouding.Intraocular pressure measurement confirms elevated pressure, leading to a diagnosis of congenital glaucoma (Q15.0)., A 6-month-old child exhibits excessive tearing, photophobia (sensitivity to light), and corneal edema.Examination reveals increased intraocular pressure and characteristic Haab's striae.The diagnosis is congenital glaucoma (Q15.0)., During a routine newborn examination, an ophthalmologist detects an elevated intraocular pressure in one eye of a baby. Further investigation confirms congenital glaucoma (Q15.0), requiring early intervention to prevent vision loss.

Complete ophthalmologic examination including visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement (IOP), gonioscopy, and documentation of corneal findings (e.g., edema, Haab's striae).Detailed family history of glaucoma should also be documented.

** Diagnosis of primary congenital glaucoma requires that the condition be diagnosed within the first three years of life to differentiate it from juvenile glaucoma.