In simple words: Pectus carinatum, also known as pigeon chest, is a condition where the chest sticks out. This happens because the breastbone and ribs grow outward more than usual. While it doesn't usually cause serious health problems, it can sometimes make it harder to breathe deeply and may affect a child's self-esteem.

A chest wall deformity where the breastbone and ribs protrude outward, giving the chest a bird-like appearance.This can range from mild to severe and may be asymmetrical. While generally benign, moderate to severe cases can affect respiratory efficiency and stamina.

Example 1: A 13-year-old boy presents with a noticeable outward protrusion of the sternum, diagnosed as pectus carinatum. The patient experiences shortness of breath during exercise and is prescribed a chest brace., A newborn infant is noted to have a rounded anterior chest wall, indicative of congenital pectus carinatum. Monitoring and potential bracing are discussed with the parents., An adolescent female with pectus carinatum reports decreased stamina and self-consciousness about her chest appearance. Surgical correction options are explored.

Thorough physical examination findings describing the chest wall deformity, including measurements and any asymmetry. Imaging studies (X-rays, CT scans) may be necessary to assess the severity and rule out other conditions. Pulmonary function tests may be conducted if respiratory compromise is suspected. Documentation of associated conditions (scoliosis, Marfan syndrome, etc.) is also crucial.

** Pectus carinatum is sometimes associated with other genetic conditions like Marfan syndrome or scoliosis.There are different types of pectus carinatum, including chondrogladiolar prominence (most common) and chondromanubrial prominence (less common). Treatment options vary depending on the severity and may include bracing, surgery (such as the Ravitch procedure), or minimally invasive techniques.