In simple words: Antibody deficiency means your body has trouble fighting off infections because it doesn't make enough antibodies, or the antibodies don't work properly. This makes you more likely to get sick, especially with infections in your lungs, sinuses, stomach, skin, and other areas. You may also be more prone to autoimmune diseases, where your body mistakenly attacks itself.Diagnosis typically involves blood tests and evaluation of symptoms, and treatment often includes antibiotics, antibody replacement therapy, and other medications to manage the condition.

Immunodeficiency with predominantly antibody defects (PADs) refers to a group of disorders where the body's immune response is compromised due to issues with antibody production or function. This can manifest as an absence or reduction of B cells (which produce antibodies), dysfunctional B cells, impaired antibody responses even with normal immunoglobulin levels, or have an unknown etiology.The condition leads to increased vulnerability to infections and autoimmune diseases.

Example 1: A 6-month-old infant presents with recurrent ear infections and pneumonia. After testing reveals low immunoglobulin levels, a diagnosis of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (a type of PAD) is made., A 30-year-old adult with a history of frequent sinus and respiratory infections, along with diarrhea and autoimmune complications is diagnosed with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID), another type of PAD., A child experiences repeated bacterial infections, and lab results show normal immunoglobulin levels, but antibody function testing shows poor response to vaccine antigens. This indicates a specific antibody deficiency, falling under PAD.

Documentation for PADs should include details of the patient's infection history (frequency, severity, type), results of laboratory tests (CBC, blood chemistry, immunoglobulin levels, antibody function tests, genetic testing), imaging findings, and response to treatments. Any autoimmune manifestations should also be documented.Clear documentation is essential for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

** Excludes2 notes for D80 include autoimmune disease NOS (M35.9), certain conditions originating in the perinatal period (P00-P96), complications of pregnancy (O00-O9A), congenital malformations (Q00-Q99), endocrine/nutritional/metabolic diseases (E00-E88), HIV (B20), injuries/poisoning (S00-T88), neoplasms (C00-D49), and symptoms/signs/abnormal findings NEC (R00-R94).